| 1. NPT Threaded Coupler | ASME B1.20.1 | 1/8, 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 3/4, 1, 1-1/4, 1-1/2, 2 in | 60° tapered pipe thread; sealing occurs on the thread flanks with an approved sealant. | North American industrial piping, compressed air, water, fuel, and general-purpose process lines. | Matches NPT male and female threads of the same nominal size. Not a direct match for BSPT or BSPP. | Confirm NPT designation, male/female configuration, material, pressure rating, and chemical compatibility of the sealant. |
| 2. BSPT Threaded Coupler | ISO 7-1; designation R or Rc | 1/8, 1/4, 3/8, 1/2, 3/4, 1, 1-1/4, 1-1/2, 2 in | 55° Whitworth tapered thread; thread interference provides the seal, normally with sealant. | Common in the United Kingdom, Europe, Asia, Africa, and many industrial and hydraulic installations. | Matches BSPT male-to-female connections with the same size and thread direction. Do not assume NPT interchangeability. | Check whether the part is R male or Rc female, verify threads per inch, and identify right-hand or left-hand threading where applicable. |
| 3. BSPP Parallel Coupler | ISO 228-1; designation G | G 1/8, G 1/4, G 3/8, G 1/2, G 3/4, G 1, G 1-1/4, G 2 | 55° parallel thread; the thread itself is not the pressure seal. Sealing usually uses an O-ring, bonded washer, gasket, or seat. | Hydraulic equipment, instrumentation, pumps, valves, and machinery using parallel-port connections. | Compatible only with the same BSPP size and matching sealing arrangement. BSPP should not be treated as BSPT. | Specify the sealing face and washer or O-ring type; verify port depth, shoulder geometry, material, and working pressure. |
| 4. Metric Parallel Thread Coupler | ISO 261 and ISO 262; coarse metric series | M6, M8, M10, M12, M14, M16, M18, M20, M22, M24 and larger | 60° metric thread; sealing depends on an O-ring, gasket, metal seat, or external sealing method. | European machinery, automotive systems, industrial equipment, instrumentation, and metric assemblies. | Matches the same nominal diameter and pitch. Similar-looking inch threads are not automatically compatible. | State diameter and pitch, such as M12 × 1.5; confirm tolerance class, thread length, gender, and sealing method. |
| 5. UN/UNF Threaded Coupler | ASME B1.1 unified inch screw threads | #6, #8, #10, 1/4, 5/16, 3/8, 7/16, 1/2, 5/8, 3/4 in | 60° straight thread; UN is generally coarse, while UNF is fine. A separate seal or gasket is required for fluid service. | Fastening, fluid-control equipment, aerospace-related hardware, automotive systems, and general machinery. | UN and UNF are not interchangeable when pitch differs. The same diameter alone does not guarantee compatibility. | Specify thread series, diameter, pitch, length, class of fit, gender, and sealing arrangement. |
| 6. JIC 37° Flare Coupler | SAE J514 | Common sizes from -2 to -32 dash sizes, depending on the fitting design | Straight UNF threads with a 37° metal-to-metal flare; the flare, not the thread, provides the primary seal. | High-pressure hydraulic lines, mobile equipment, industrial machinery, and applications requiring vibration resistance. | Requires matching 37° flare geometry, thread size, and tube or hose connection. It is not equivalent to a 45° flare. | Verify dash size, flare angle, tube outside diameter, thread series, material, and rated working pressure. |
| 7. ORFS Face-Seal Coupler | SAE J1453 | Common sizes from -4 to -32 dash sizes, depending on the fitting design | Straight UNF thread with an O-ring face seal; the O-ring provides the fluid seal. | High-pressure hydraulics, construction equipment, factory automation, and systems sensitive to leakage. | Requires the same ORFS size, O-ring groove, sealing face, and thread configuration. It is not interchangeable with JIC solely by dash size. | Check O-ring material, face condition, groove dimensions, port or hose-end configuration, torque requirements, and pressure rating. |