| Quality management system | 20% | Confirm that documented processes cover production, inspection, nonconforming product, corrective action, and record control. If a certification is claimed, check its validity, scope, and issuing body. | Current quality certificate, certificate scope, audit summary where available, quality manual or process overview, and sample nonconformance and corrective-action records. | How are process deviations recorded and approved? How are corrective actions checked for effectiveness? | A certificate is presented without a verifiable scope or validity, or procedures exist only on paper with no supporting production records. |
| Manufacturing process control | 15% | Review controls for PCB fabrication and assembly, including approved work instructions, equipment maintenance, process monitoring, and operator training. | Process flow, work-instruction samples, equipment calibration or maintenance records, training records, and process-monitoring examples. | Which steps are controlled in-house, and which are subcontracted? How are process changes authorized? | Unclear responsibility for subcontracted processes, outdated instructions, or no documented control of process changes. |
| Inspection and electrical testing | 20% | Check that inspection and test methods match the design and risk. Depending on the board, methods may include automated optical inspection (AOI), in-circuit test (ICT), flying-probe test, X-ray inspection, and functional testing. | Inspection and test plan, sample test report, test coverage information, acceptance criteria, equipment calibration records, and a sample first-article inspection report. | Which defects can the proposed tests detect? How are test fixtures, software, and test limits controlled? | Claims of “100% testing” without defined test coverage, acceptance limits, or retained results. |
| Standards and product compliance | 15% | Identify applicable requirements for the product, destination market, and end use. RoHS and REACH obligations may apply to materials and substances; product-safety standards depend on the finished product and its application. | Material declarations, supplier declarations, relevant test reports, compliance matrix, and applicable product-safety documentation. Verify that documents cover the specific materials and product configuration. | Which requirements apply to this product, and who is responsible for maintaining supporting documentation when materials change? | Generic compliance statements with no product or material scope, or an assumption that a component-level document proves compliance of the complete product. |
| Workmanship and acceptance criteria | 10% | Agree on measurable workmanship requirements and acceptance criteria for the board type and intended use. IPC-A-610 and J-STD-001 are examples of industry standards that may be specified where appropriate; the applicable edition and class should be agreed by the parties. | Approved workmanship specification, inspection criteria, defect classification rules, and sample inspection records. | Which standard, edition, and acceptance class will be used? How are borderline defects reviewed and documented? | Standards are named without agreement on the applicable edition, class, or acceptance criteria. |
| Traceability and record retention | 10% | Determine whether materials, production lots, inspection results, and test results can be linked to the shipped boards. Agree on record-retention periods based on customer and regulatory needs. | Example lot-traveler or traceability record, material-lot records, test-result sample, and written record-retention policy. | Can a shipped lot be traced to its materials, process records, and test results? How quickly can records be retrieved? | Records cannot be linked to specific production lots, or retention and retrieval arrangements are undefined. |
| Change control and configuration management | 5% | Confirm that changes to components, materials, manufacturing sites, processes, or test methods are reviewed and communicated before implementation. | Change-control procedure, example change notice, revision-control records, and documented approval workflow. | Will changes be approved before implementation? How are obsolete drawings, bills of materials, and test programs prevented from use? | Substitutions or process changes can be made without notification, approval, or revision tracking. |
| Corrective action and supplier improvement | 3% | Assess how defects, customer complaints, and recurring production issues are investigated and addressed. | Redacted corrective-action example showing problem definition, root-cause analysis, containment, corrective action, and effectiveness review. | How are repeat defects identified and escalated? How is effectiveness verified after corrective action? | Actions focus only on sorting or rework, with no documented root-cause analysis or follow-up. |
| Capacity and continuity planning | 2% | Check whether production capacity, critical equipment, material sourcing, and contingency plans can support the required volumes and delivery schedule. | Capacity overview, lead-time assumptions, business-continuity plan summary, and identification of critical materials or single-source dependencies. | What happens if a key material, production line, or subcontractor becomes unavailable? | Delivery commitments rely on unverified capacity or critical dependencies have no documented contingency plan. |