| PLA | 190–220°C / 0–60°C | Easy to print, low warping, and widely available in many colors and finishes. Often produces crisp detail. | Can soften in hot environments and is generally less heat-resistant and impact-tough than engineering plastics. Some formulations behave differently from standard PLA. | Decorative models, prototypes, classroom projects, and parts used indoors at moderate temperatures. | Check bridging, overhangs, dimensional accuracy, layer bonding, and whether the part softens at its intended service temperature. |
| PETG | 220–250°C / 60–85°C | Usually offers a useful balance of toughness, layer adhesion, and moisture resistance. Often less prone to warping than ABS. | Can string or ooze; a dry spool and careful retraction settings may help. It can be more flexible than PLA, and surface finish may show fine strings. | Functional brackets, housings, containers, and parts that need more toughness than typical PLA. | Check stringing, corner lift, layer adhesion, fit, and deformation under the expected load. |
| ABS | 230–260°C / 90–110°C | Tough, machinable, and more heat-resistant than standard PLA. Can be smoothed with suitable solvent processes under controlled conditions. | Prone to warping and layer splitting. A warm, stable enclosure and effective ventilation are recommended; printing can release irritating fumes. | Durable indoor housings, fixtures, and parts that may experience moderate heat or post-processing. | Check for corner lift, cracks between layers, enclosure temperature stability, and dimensional changes after cooling. |
| ASA | 240–270°C / 90–110°C | Similar general printing demands to ABS, with better resistance to outdoor weathering and ultraviolet exposure than standard ABS. | Can warp and may require an enclosure and ventilation. Its performance depends on the specific formulation and print quality. | Outdoor covers, brackets, and components exposed to sunlight or changing weather. | Check warping and layer bonding; for outdoor parts, evaluate the printed component under the actual exposure and load conditions. |
| TPU (flexible) | 210–240°C / 20–60°C | Flexible and impact-absorbing; available in different hardness levels. Can produce parts that bend rather than break. | Prints slowly compared with many rigid filaments. Flexible material may buckle in some feed paths; dry material and a short, well-supported path can help. | Flexible covers, grips, bumpers, seals, and vibration-damping parts. | Check feeding reliability, dimensional fit, bend recovery, layer adhesion, and flexibility at the intended wall thickness. |
| Nylon (PA) | 240–280°C / 70–100°C | Can provide strong, wear-resistant parts with good toughness. Some grades are suitable for moving or rubbing components. | Absorbs moisture readily, which can cause poor surface quality and weak prints; drying and dry storage are important. Warping and shrinkage can occur. | Gears, hinges, bushings, and functional parts where toughness or wear resistance matters. | Check spool dryness, warping, layer bonding, fit, and wear under the intended motion and load. |
| Polycarbonate (PC) | 260–310°C / 90–120°C | Selected grades can offer high impact strength and heat resistance compared with common desktop filaments. | Requires a printer capable of the specified nozzle temperature; an enclosure, dry material, and careful bed adhesion may be necessary. Grade performance varies considerably. | Load-bearing or heat-exposed components when the printer and filament grade support the required conditions. | Check adhesion, warping, layer strength, fit, and heat performance; confirm that the printer’s hotend and other components are rated for the material. |
| Polypropylene (PP) | 220–250°C / 70–100°C | Lightweight and chemically resistant to many substances; its flexibility can suit living hinges and containers. | Often difficult to bond to a build surface and may warp. Use a compatible bed surface and follow the filament-specific adhesion guidance. | Hinges, lightweight containers, and parts that benefit from chemical resistance or repeated flexing. | Check first-layer adhesion, warping, hinge cycling, and compatibility with the specific chemicals the part may contact. |